ELECTRICAL & INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING
SYLLABUS
PAPER I
1. FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING :
Dc And Ac Series And Parallel Circuits - Kirchhoffs Law - Network Graph - Matrix Representation - Solution Of Steady State, equations - transients in AC networks - Network theorems, super position, reciprocity, Thevenin and Norton's theorems, Maximum power transfer therorem, star delta transformation - frequency response of RL, RC, RIC series and parallel circuits - solutions of balanced and unbalanced 3 phase circuits.
2. ELECTRICAL MACHINES:
Constructional features of DC Machines, emf equation and characteristics of different types of DC generators - DC motor - torque equation - DC motor characteristics - starters of DC motors speed control of DC motors - testing of DC motors - alternators - different types - constructional features - emf equation - regulation of alternators by different methods - phaseor diagram - expression for power developed as a funtion of torque angle - synchronous motors - principle of operation - v and inverted v curves - starting methods - stepper motors - principle of operation - polyphase induction motors - principle of operation phasor diagram and equivalent circuit - starting and speed control - single phase ixluction motor - principle of opetation and applications - transformers - principle of operation and construction of types different of single phase and three phase transformers - regulation,efficiency and all day efficiency.
3. CONTROL SYSTEMS:
Open loop and closed loop systems - mathematical modelling of physical systems - electrical, mechanical, electro mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic and thermal systems - transfer function and state space modelling of these systems - block diagram representation and signal flow graph - electrical analog - time response of simple system for implulse, step and ramp type of inputs - solution of state equations - STM - time domain specifications - frequency domain analysius - polar, inverse polar, bode - constant M and N circles and Nichols chart frequency domain specifications - Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion - Nyquist stability criterion - construction of root locus - determination of closed loop poles - transient response and stability from root locus
4. GENERATION TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION:
Sources of energy - power plants - hydroelectric - nuclear - thermal - layout - storage schemes - turbines - hydroelectric and steam - interconnected systems - cost evaluation - nuclear reactors -
fuel materials - coolant - comparison and detection of different types of power plants - transmission lines - performance - short and medium - corona - insulators - transmission towers - underground cables - distrubution - feeders - distributors and service main - comparison of distribution system - radial and ring distributors - calculation of voltages and distributors with concentrated and distributed loads.
5. PROECTION AND SWITCH GEARS:
Circuit breakers - Arc in oil - Arc interruption - theories - current chopping - oil circuit breakers - air blast circuit breakers - vacum circuit breakers - sulphur hexaflouride - circuit breakers - testing of circuit breakers - protective relays - functional charactoristics of protective relays - operating principles of relays - overcurrent relays - directional over current relays - the universal relay - torque equation - differntial relays - feeder protection - distance protection - generator protection - protection of transformers - carrier current protection - comparators - static relays - fuses and H.R.C.fuses for relays (the emphasis must be on solid state devices).
6. BASIC ELECTRONICS:
Semi conductor diodes - zener diodes - transistors - FET's power diodes - thyristors - photocell - photodiodes - power diodes - photo transistors,L.D.R.and applications - rectifiers and voltage regulators - amplifiers - classification of amplifiers - power amplifiers - wide b and amplifiers - oscillators - operational amplifiers - application of operational amplifiers - Indusstrial timers - voltage regulators - Instruementation amplifiers - A to D and D to A converteros - PLL - active filters.
7. DIGITAL TECHNIQUES:
Number systems used in Digital electronics -weighted binary codes - non weighted codes - crror detection and correction,alpha numeric codes,BCD- development of Boolean algebra - truth fuctions - reading boolean expression - Boolean expansions and logic diagrams - Minterms - tables and maps - solving digital probleme - Map reduction techniques - sum of products from hybrid function - multiple out put minimizations - tabular minimisations - sequential logic - flip/flops - digtal counter - ripple counter - logi c gates - mutliplexers, demultiplexers and decoders , code converters - arithmetic funcrioons - shift registers - semi conductormemory elements - PLA.
8. NETWORK ANALYSIS:
One port and two port networks - driving point impedance and admittance of one port network - open circuit impedance and short circuit admittance of two port network - transfer impedance and admittance - A,B,C,D parameters - impedence matching - filters - character istic of ideal filters - low pase and High pass filters - attenuation and phase shift - bandpass filter - elements of network synthesis - realiability of one port, hurwitz polynomical positive real function - necessary and sufficient conditions for positive real function - testing a positive real function proporties - synthesis of RL RC and LC driving point impedances.
9. ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS:
Measurement of voltage and current - permanent magnet moving coil and moving ion meters - dynamometer type - thermocouple and rectifier typ;e instrument of power and energy - dynamometer type wattmeter and induction type energy meter - single phase and three phase - testing and calibration of energy meter - power factor meter - magnetic measurement - ballistic galvanometer and fluxmeter - BH curve - permeability measurement - current and voltage transformers - use of instrument transformers with wattmeters - KVA and KVAR metrts - maximum demand indicators - Megger.
10. ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS:
BJT, FET and MOSFET voltmeters - solid state multimeter - DMM - audio and Radio frequency signal generators - AM signal generator - function generator - wave anlyzer - spectrum analyser - frequency measurement - measurement of period and time - phase angle measurement - bridge type of measurements - recording instruments - display instruments - general purpose oscilloscope - multitrace display - digital storage - sampling oscilloscope - sychroscope.
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